This example is a little contrived in order to keep it simple. So far we have only covered Spring beans that are defined using the spring-config.xml.

In this example we will use annotations in the bean class declaration to identify it as a Spring bean and then tell Spring where to look for these beans.

This works well for singletons, but becomes a little more complicated for prototype (many) beans.

Example

Create a simple Spring Bean that is declared using @Component. The bean reads a property file and returns the properties stored in the file.

config.properties

First we will create a config.properties in our src/test/resources folder as follows

company.name=Skills421
company.url=www.skills421.com
company.contact=John Dunning

ConfigService.java

Next we will define a ConfigService bean. The role of this service is to read the config values from the config.properties and return then upon request.

There are Spring beans available to read from a Properties file – which we will cover later. For now, we will write some simple Java code in our bean to read from the properties file.

package com.skills421.examples.spring.service;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component("config")
public class ConfigService
{
private Properties configMap;
private String configfile;

public String getConfigfile()
{
return configfile;
}

@Value("config.properties")
public void setConfigfile(String configfile)
{
this.configfile = configfile;
}

public Properties getConfigMap()
{
if(configMap==null)
{
configMap = new Properties();
try
{
configMap.load(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(configfile));
}
catch(IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

return configMap;
}

public String getProperty(String name)
{
return (String) this.getConfigMap().get(name);
}
}

Note the following:

• the bean is declared using the @Component annotation – this means we do not need to declare it in the spring-config.xml
• the bean id is provided inside the @Component annotation – “config”
• the configMap is loaded lazily in the getter
• the configFile itself is set using the @Value annotation

TestConfig.java

Now let’s write a JUnit test suite to read the config parameters. We simply print them out instead of checking their values which we would normally do in JUnit.

package com.skills421.example.spring;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.skills421.examples.spring.service.ConfigService;

public class TestConfig
{
private static AbstractApplicationContext context;

@BeforeClass
public static void setupAppContext()
{
context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml");
}

@AfterClass
public static void closeAppContext()
{
if(context!=null)
{
context.close();
}
}

@After
public void printBlankLine()
{
System.out.println();
}

@Test
public void testAllPropertiesFromConfigService()
{
ConfigService configService = context.getBean("config",ConfigService.class);

for(Object propKey : configService.getConfigMap().keySet())
{
String propName = (String) propKey;

System.out.println(propName+" = "+configService.getProperty(propName));
}

}
}

spring-config.xml

Finally, we need to write a simple spring-config.xml to tell the Spring framework where to look for our annotated beans.

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.skills421.examples.spring.service" />

</beans>

pom.xml

For completeness – here is the pom.xml file.

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.skills421.examples.spring</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring3.2.6.Demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

<properties>
<spring.version>3.2.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>

<!-- Spring 3 dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

<!-- JUnit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
</dependency>

</dependencies>
</project>

Run the Tests

Run the JUnit Tests and we see the following output:

company.name = Skills421
company.url = www.skills421.com
company.contact = John Dunning